Barnes,
Congestible Intellectual Property and Impure Public Goods, 9 Nw.
Barnes, Enforcing Property Rights: Extending Property Rights Theory to Congestible and Environmental Goods, 10 B.C.
at 590 ("[T]he jointness characteristic describes the ability of simultaneous consumers to share the congestible good."); id.
Congestible public goods and local indeterminacy: A two-sector endogenous growth model.
Understanding marriage as a semiotically congestible intangible cultural resource may encourage us to (1) appreciate the coherence of traditionalists' sense of injury at the cultural and symbolic level; (2) devise rhetorical and political strategies to address and defuse traditionalists' concerns; and (3) explore whether there are possible and acceptable rebuttals and compromises that might address the same-sex marriage controversy short of a costly and divisive winner-take-all struggle.
While these latter resources can all be used up--they are rivalrous or congestible (83)--marriage is not subject to depletion in the literal sense.
However, Meade's unpaid factor is rival a priori, whereas, a semi-public input is based on a non-rival good, which is congestible. Hence, in the latter case, rivalry is caused by a decreasing ratio between the semi-public input and the number of firms.
Moreover, as an unpaid factor is rival a priori, it cannot be congestible either within or across industries.
In contrast to the tragedy of the
congestible commons outlined by
"
Congestible Communications Networks and International Trade," Canadian Journal of Economics, 35, 2, May 2002, pp.
"Urban safety in Vancouver: allocation and production of a
congestible public good." Canadian Journal of Economics.
In the Tiebout economy, most public services are assumed to be
congestible and efficiently provided by small communities.
The Internet includes both resources that are nonrivalrous (meaning that they are capable of being shared by all without depletion) and resources that are rivalrous (meaning that they are
congestible or exhaustible by overuse).
In a model with two transport modes (car and bus) that simultaneously use a
congestible single link network in order to produce leisure and commuting trips, Van Dender (2001) shows that the welfare cost of uniform taxation on the two trip purposes could be important, especially if the labor income tax is constrained to be fixed at the reference level and if that reference level is high.
