baritone

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Related to baritonal: Dramatic baritone, Lyric baritone

baritone

baritone or barytone (both: bărˈĭtōn), male voice, in a lighter and higher range than a bass but lower than a tenor. The term also designates a bass stringed instrument, fretted, with six or seven bowed strings, and up to 20 sympathetic (i.e., unplayed but freely vibrating) strings. Haydn wrote many works for this instrument.
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The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Baritone

 

(1) Male voice intermediate between the bass and tenor. The lyric baritone (close in sonority to the dramatic tenor) is distinguished from the dramatic baritone, which is more forceful and stronger (in the lower register it approaches the bass). The range of the baritone goes from the note A of the great octave to the A of the first octave.

(2) A bass string bow instrument similar to the viola bastarda. In addition to the six to seven strings to be played with the bow, this instrument had from seven to 20 or more resonating strings to intensify its sonority. The resonating strings were also played with a pick using the thumb of the left hand. The baritone was widespread in the 18th century, especially in Germany and Austria.

(3) A brass musical instrument reaching an octave below the trumpet and used in brass bands.

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

baritone

1. the second lowest adult male voice, having a range approximately from G an eleventh below middle C to F a fourth above it
2. a singer with such a voice
3. the second lowest instrument in the families of the saxophone, horn, oboe, etc.
Collins Discovery Encyclopedia, 1st edition © HarperCollins Publishers 2005
References in periodicals archive ?
The role of Hoffmann is taken by American tenor Eric Cutler, who shows off a robust baritonal timbre in his Act I song about the dwarf Kleinzach, "Il etait une fois a la cour d'Eisenach." Macedonian soprano Ana Durlovski, who made a splash a couple of years ago as a stunning Queen of the Night in Julie Taymor's Metropolitan Opera production of The Magic Flute, appears as Olympia, and she does not disappoint in her sparkling "Les oiseaux dans la channille," with a pure and clean coloratura throughout her amazing range.
Articulation, particularly in bass forays, was amazingly clear, with the Ax left thumb elsewhere singing a wonderful baritonal line.
The delectable Yulia Van Doren sang with sweet, simple eloquence as Galatea, opposite Thomas Cooley as a sturdy, stylish Acis and the spirited, expressive Douglas Williams as Polyphemus, perhaps a tad too handsome and too baritonal for this lascivious giant.
In addition he has a wonderfully resourceful baritonal register, quite a rarity in one so young, which he deploys with great richness of effect.
Christoph Pregardien's warm, baritonal tenor is put to exquisite use in these 24 Schubert songs, including "Erlkonig," "Der Doppelganger," "Nacht und Traume" and--my personal favorite--"Der Wanderer an den Mond."
Bocelli's voice has an attractive immediacy, more resonantly baritonal than his illustrious predecessor, the galactic Luciano Pavarotti, his equal in middle-range ardour, and with the capability to release high notes of crowd-pleasing quality (as in 'La Donna e mobile').
And indeed his account was one of great inner tension and desperation, vocal colouring emerging now ardent, now darkly baritonal, and finally pallid as the lovelorn, bitter miller finds eventual rest in the omnipresent stream.
"I've been singing youthful, more baritonal roles for most of my life, but I can't count on them now."
One glimpsed a nobility in Pike's delivery, a heroism defiant to the end; baritonal timbres brought crushed sorrow, and intenser tones conveyed inner mental despair.
But despite his baritonal roots, and occasional doubts over the years that he's a "true" tenor, he's no baritone, and the center of his voice and the center of Verdi's writing just don't match.
His voice has developed a pleasing tinge of baritonal gravity whilst retaining a youthfully pliant top, all delivered with discreet control and easy charm.
"At the same time, my voice has become darker and more baritonal, so we decided the time was right for me to pursue Wagner.