(74) The integration of the notion of an order of rank, which forms the internal scheme of Nietzsche's
aristocratism, completes the elitist bias of Marsden's collapsing anarchism.
In Whitman's prose, democratic "commensurability" must constantly be challenged by "sameness" as well as "interchangeability" on a very fundamental, numerical level so as not to slip into a praxis that looks more like an
aristocratism generated from constitutive differences in class, gender, or race.
The last chapter in the book is devoted to the "sociocultural features of early Russian liberalism": its
aristocratism and defense of the nobility as a liberalizing social force; its aesthetics (Annenkov, Botkin, Druzhinin, Katkov); and its critics from right and left on the spectrum of Russian social thought.
It was this policy that the New Age positioned itself against, as indeed did Murry and Mansfield in Rhythm when they embraced aesthetic
aristocratism and autonomy.
But Plato's aim, Badiou continues, was a kind of
aristocratism for everybody.
This type of system is distant from democratic and is considered "economic
aristocratism." (3)
The section entitled "Tolstoy's Creative Work: Problematics and Poetics" includes an analysis of Tolstoy's novella Youth and his comedy The Nihilist, as well as a consideration of Tolstoy's
aristocratism in the early diaries and his artistic whole as exemplified in his prose of the 1850s and 1860s.
The lyrical writing of the romantic and the nostalgic has distinguished the Shanghai style from the didactic Peking style "equipped with modern western notions of historical progress." (46) Identifying Wang Anyi as a foremost exponent of the Shanghai school, David Wang points out that she has walked out of Eileen Chang's shadow in two steps: first, Wang Anyi tells the story of what happens to those pining young lovers in Chang's romances during the last half of their lifetime, offering a continuance of the Haipai fiction with a group of old-fashioned acquaintances as a living memory; second, she has replaced the
aristocratism in Chang's writings with philistinism, remolding the Shanghai style of literature.
His
aristocratism and his particular views on governance were essentially those of the Chevaliers de la Foi, who constituted the rank and file of the parti ultraroyaliste.