This subsequently leads to the development of a systemic tumor antigen-specific T cell
adaptive immune response.
"As demonstrated in our translational studies, Neuropilin-2, or NRP2, is a unique target that downregulates the innate and
adaptive immune response in inflammatory disease states.
Intensity's product candidates have the potential to induce an
adaptive immune response that not only attacks the injected tumor, but also non-injected tumors.
"I think it's going to take a systems biology approach in order to really understand the
adaptive immune response to infection and vaccination in early life.
Bacterial diversity, antibiotic resistance, and the
adaptive immune response all play important roles in this disease, the study suggests.
Both types of cellular responses have methods of amplifying the response once an antigen is recognized and, importantly, once an
adaptive immune response has been mediated against a given pathogen, specific cell populations recognizing the pathogen are retained in the circulation and remain primed to recognize this pathogen on reinfection.
This phagocytosis and subsequent antigen presentation then allows for the development of the
adaptive immune response, mediated through T cells; cluster of differentiation (CD)8+ cytotoxic and CD4+ type 1 T helper (Th1) cells.
Cytotoxic T cells are one of the major cells in the
adaptive immune response. The antitumor activity of these two cells (NK cells-innate and cytotoxic T cells-adaptive) is regulated through a web of signaling pathways; the equilibrium between activating and inhibitory pathways allows the body to attack tumor cells while saving healthy cells (PubMed Health, 2016).
P acnes also stimulates an
adaptive immune response, inducing IL-17A and interferon (IFN)-gamma secretion from [CD4.sup.+] T cells in vitro.
"The findings unveil a gut-brain axis by which environmental factors linked to the diet lead to an
adaptive immune response in the gut, promoting [...] neurovascular dysregulation and cognitive impairment."
Another paper presents a delayed model formulated by DDEs in order to study the early stage of HBV infection and impact of the delay in the infection process on the
adaptive immune response, which includes cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) cells and antibodies.