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William Amherst (British Army officer)

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William Amherst
Lieutenant General William Amherst
Born(1732-03-05)5 March 1732
Sevenoaks, Kent, England
Died13 May 1781(1781-05-13) (aged 49)
England
AllegianceKingdom of Great Britain
Service/branchBritish Army
RankLieutenant-general
Battles/warsSeven Years' War
RelationsWilliam Pitt Amherst, 1st Earl Amherst of Arracan (son)
Elizabeth Frances Amherst (daughter)

Lieutenant General William Amherst (5 February 1732 – 13 May 1781) was a British military commander. In 1762 during the Seven Years' War he led British forces that defeated a French expedition which had occurred earlier that year in St. John's, Newfoundland at the Battle of Signal Hill.

Early life

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William Amherst was born, in Sevenoaks, Kent, into a family of lawyers.[1] He married Elizabeth Amherst (Patterson). Their children included:

Seven Years' War

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Amherst was commissioned as an ensign in the First Regiment of Foot Guards in 1755.[2] He eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant general in 1779.[2] As a lieutenant colonel, Amherst was instrumental in the re-capture of St. John's from the French in 1762 at the Battle of Signal Hill.[2] An area near Signal Hill at the entrance of St. John's harbour is named "Fort Amherst" in commemoration of his victory in 1762.

In 1766 he became Member of Parliament for Hythe,[3] and in 1768 he became MP for Launceston until 1774.[4]

In 1769 he built a house in Ryde, on the Isle of Wight. He named the house and estate St John's, after his victory in Newfoundland. The neighborhood of Ryde that surrounds the house is still known by that name.[5]

He was appointed Adjutant-General to the Forces in 1778:[6] he died while serving in that role in 1781.[7]

Notes

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  1. ^ Chartrand p.24.
  2. ^ a b c d The Recapture of St. John's, Newfoundland in 1762
  3. ^ "Leigh Rayment's House of Commons pages". Archived from the original on 19 December 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  4. ^ "Leigh Rayment's House of Commons pages". Archived from the original on 19 December 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  5. ^ Parks and gardens UK, St John's House, (also known as Bishop Lovett Middle School), St John's Ryde, England
  6. ^ "No. 11937". The London Gazette. 22 December 1778. p. 1.
  7. ^ Light Infantry[permanent dead link]

References

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  • Chartrand, René (2000), Louisbourg 1758: Wolfe's first siege, Oxford: Osprey
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Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Hythe
1766 – 1768
With: Lord George Sackville
Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Launceston
17681774
With: Humphry Morice
Succeeded by
Military offices
Preceded by Adjutant General
1778–1781
Succeeded by
Preceded by
Robert Robinson
Colonel of the 32nd (Cornwall) Regiment of Foot
1775–1781
Succeeded by