base surge

base surge

A cloud which rolls out from the bottom of the column produced by a subsurface burst of a nuclear weapon. For underwater bursts the surge is, in effect, a cloud of liquid droplets which has the property of flowing almost as if it were a homogeneous fluid. For subsurface land bursts the surge is made up of small solid particles but still behaves like a fluid.
Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms. US Department of Defense 2005.
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Contributing to the stolen base surge was the reality that there were fewer pure power hitters than in the decades immediately prior.
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Delving into "explosion literature," Barlow said she and her collaborators learned more about a phenomenon known as base surge. After a large explosion, fine-grain material forms a cloud and moves out along the surface.
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Even supposing that the missile's point of entry were miraculously neat, a nuclear blast at the depths a real missile could attain would invariably breach the surface of the earth, expelling a hot fallout cloud in what is known as a "base surge." Base surges are more dangerous than traditional fallout clouds because they are more toxic, containing irradiated particles of dirt and rock.

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