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1986, Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 33
2014 •
THE OPHEL EXCAVATIONS to the South of the Temple Mount 2009–2013 - FINAL REPORTS VOLUME I
The Byzantine Wall2015 •
2020 •
Simon J Barker, Emanuele E . Intagliata, Christopher Courault, Ayse Dalyanci-Berns, Marc Heijmans, Hendrik Dey, Simon Esmonde Cleary, Adriaan De Man
The construction of urban defences was one of the hallmarks of the late Roman and late-antique periods (300–600 AD) throughout the western and eastern empire. City walls were the most significant construction projects of their time and they redefined the urban landscape. Their appearance and monumental scale, as well as the cost of labour and material, are easily comparable to projects from the High Empire; however, urban circuits provided late-antique towns with a new means of self-representation. While their final appearance and construction techniques varied greatly, the cost involved and the dramatic impact that such projects had on the urban topography of late-antique cities mark city walls as one of the most important urban initiatives of the period. To-date, research on city walls in the two halves of the empire has highlighted chronological and regional variations, enabling scholars to rethink how and why urban circuits were built and functioned in Late Antiquity. Although these developments have made a significant contribution to the understanding of late-antique city walls, studies are often concerned with one single monument/small group of monuments or a particular region, and the issues raised do not usually lead to a broader perspective, creating an artificial divide between east and west. It is this broader understanding that this book seeks to provide. The volume and its contributions arise from a conference held at the British School at Rome and the Swedish Institute of Classical Studies in Rome on June 20-21, 2018. It includes articles from world-leading experts in late-antique history and archaeology and is based around important themes that emerged at the conference, such as construction, spolia-use, late-antique architecture, culture and urbanism, empire-wide changes in Late Antiquity, and the perception of this practice by local inhabitants.
The necessity of a walking space on any fortification wall facilitating the movement of soldiers between the towers as well as providing a safer place for them to engage in battle during a siege is indispensable and has to be dealt with. I argue that the E and SE fortification walls at the acropolis of Halai were furnished with specific elements of woodwork in order to meet that requirement by most economically complementing what was otherwise built of stone. This conjecture is necessary due to the lack of inner walls, which would have otherwise completed the compartments of the curtain and thus secured a permanent wallwalk. Their absence leads me to suggest that these walls' function was taken up by specifically designed wooden construction of horizontal (xyla, sanides) and vertical elements (ikria), essentially wallwalk, commonly inferred from Philo of Byzantium's Poliorketika 15 (80.32f.) and Suidas' Lexicon (I. 275). The poster builds on prior readings of these passages and introduces a new restoration on the basis of former reconstructions by adducing pieces of evidence from another contemporary site-the fortress at Goritsa hill in Thessaly. Several blocks of stone with rectangular sockets of different dimensions were found in close proximity to the fortification walls, but their function still awaits an explanation. Thus the measurements of certain timbers in the construction, which I suggest for the walls at Halai, were confirmed, supposedly, not only by the blocks from Goritsa, but also by specifications derived from building inscriptions and temple accounts from elsewhere.
2018 •
The Corinthia and the Northeast Peloponnese
The Seventh Century B.C. City Wall at the Potters' Quarter in Corinth2013 •
This article re-examines the basic facts around the C7 BC fortification wall found in the 1920s at the Potters' Quarter at Ancient Corinth, and analyses the topographical consequences of accepting the walls proposed function as well as date.
Fokus Fortifikation Studies, Vol. 2
The Benizeli mansion excavation: latest evidence on the Post-Herulian fortification wall in Athens, in R. Frederiksen, S. Müth, P. Schneider, M. Schnelle (eds.), Focus on Fortifications. New Research on Fortifications in the Ancient Mediterranean and the Near East, Oxford 2016, 712-724.Loading Preview
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2018 •
City Walls in Late Antiquity
An exceptional city wall? Re-thinking the fortifications of Nicaea in an empire-wide context2020 •
The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology
A Word for 'Causeway' and the Location of 'The Five Walls1989 •
Eretz-Israel 33 (Lawrence E. Stager Volume)
The Early Bronze Age Fortifications at Tel Yarmouth – An Update2018 •
2019 •
2003 •
2018 •
M. Aizenberg. and R. G. Khamisy eds. The Art of Siege Warfare and Military Architecture from the Classical World to the Middle Ages. Oxford and Philadelphia.
Gendelman P. 2020. Caesarea Maritima: Fortifications and City Expansion from the Time of Herod the Great to Late Antiquity. In M. Aizenberg. and R. G. Khamisy eds. The Art of Siege Warfare and Military Architecture from the Classical World to the Middle Ages. Oxford and Philadelphia. Pp. 143-152.2020 •
R. van Bremen & J.-M. Carbon (eds.), Hellenistic Karia. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Hellenistic Karia
The City Wall of Halikarnassos2010 •
THE SOUTHERN WALL OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT AND ITS CORNERS: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
THE SOUTHERN WALL OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT AND ITS CORNERS: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE2023 •