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A merger between Astra of Sweden and Zeneca Group of the United Kingdom formed AstraZeneca in 1999. The firm sells branded drugs across several major therapeutic classes, including gastrointestinal, diabetes, cardiovascular, respiratory, cancer, immunology and rare diseases. The majority of sales come from international markets with the United States representing close to one third of its revenue.

Roche is a Swiss biopharmaceutical and diagnostic company. The firm's bestselling pharmaceutical products include a variety of oncology therapies from acquired partner Genentech, and its diagnostics group was bolstered by the acquisition of Ventana in 2008. Oncology products account for 50% of pharmaceutical sales, and centralized and point-of-care diagnostics for more than half of diagnostic-related sales.

Sanofi develops and markets drugs with a concentration in oncology, immunology, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, over-the-counter treatments and vaccines. However, the company's decision in late 2019 to pull back from the cardio-metabolic area will likely reduce the firm's footprint in this large therapeutic area. The company offers a diverse array of drugs with its highest revenue generator, Dupixent, representing just over 20% of total sales, but profits are shared with Regeneron. About 40% of total revenue comes from the United States and 25% from Europe. Emerging markets represent the majority of the remainder of revenue.

Thermo Fisher manufactures scientific instruments, consumables, and chemicals. It provides analytical instruments, lab equipment, software reagents, and supplies to pharmaceutical companies, hospitals, clinical diagnostic labs, universities, research institutions, and government agencies. Marc Casper is chairman and CEO. Stephen Williamson is CFO.