Breccia


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Related to Breccia: Volcanic breccia

conglomerate

, in geology
conglomerate, in geology, sedimentary rock composed largely of pebbles or other rounded particles whose diameter is larger than 2 mm (.08 in.). Essentially a cemented gravel, conglomerates are formed along beaches, as glacial drift, and in river deposits. Conglomerates formed of angular shaped pebbles are called breccias.
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The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Breccia

 

cemented rock composed of angular fragments (sized 1 cm or more). Breccias may be composed of fragments from one rock (monomictic breccia) or several different rocks (polymictic breccia).

Breccias are volcanic (volcanogenic), sedimentary, or tectonic in origin. Volcanogenic breccias originate when the more liquid lava cements together the lava fragments which have formed during the crushing and breakdown of flowing viscous lava (lava breccia), during the agglomeration of tuff and other volcanogenic elastic materials (tuff breccia), and during the diagenesis of mud flow deposits in volcanic regions (lahars). Sedimentary breccias are formed in continental conditions during the cementation of talus deposits and mud-flow deposits from lahars, and during the collapse of the roofs of karstic cavities (karst breccia). A specific type of breccia is bone breccia, which originates in places where the mass destruction and burial of vertebrates has occurred. In maritime areas breccia originates as a result of the destruction of littoral rocks or reefs. Tectonic breccias (friction breccia) are formed in a rock stratum during tectonic movements when rock is crushed along the fractures. Large fragments in this case are usually buried in a finely granulated mass.

V. P. PETROV

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

breccia

[′brech·ə]
(petrology)
A rock made up of very angular coarse fragments; may be sedimentary or may be formed by grinding or crushing along faults.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

breccia

Any stone composed of angular fragments embedded and consolidated in a finer ground. Numerous marbles owe their distinctive appearance to brecciation.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. Copyright © 2003 by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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References in periodicals archive ?
Veins III crosscut the hydraulic breccia. They are characterized by a bright white color and large calcite crystals.
Understanding Fluid Flow during Tectonic Reactivation: An Example from the Flamborough Head Chalk Outcrop (UK)
However, the XRD analysis of one of these lava layers, partially altered and intercalated in the phreatomagmatic breccia, presents a mineral association of phlogopite, sanidine, leucite, amphibols, augitic piroxenes, smectite and vermiculite (Fig.
Phreatomagmatic activity and associated hydrothermal processes in the lamproitic volcano of Cancarix (Southeast Spain)
In order to attain a more precise age determination of the breccia, sampling for biostratigraphical dating of the strata immediately overlying the breccia is required, as is the utilization of a fossil group that allows for relatively high biostratigraphical resolution.
Conodont dating of the Middle Ordovician breccia cap-rock limestone on Osmussaar Island, northwestern Estonia/Kesk-Ordoviitsiumi bretsat katva lubjakivikihi dateerimine konodontide abil Osmussaarel Loode-Eestis
The breccia was first observed by the authors at a location, here designated the type location(Figs.
An anomalous breccia associated with the Serpent Mound impact crater, Southern Ohio
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(2004) localized the impact breccia units with PDF-quartz and K-enriched compositions in the interior of the Kardla crater.
Impact-induced and diagenetic changes in minerals in the sandy ejecta of the Kardla crater, NW Estonia/Meteoriidiplahvatuse mojul ja diageneesi valtel tekkinud mineraalterade muutused Kardla kraatrit umbritsevas liivakas valjapaiskelasundis
According to Breccia, Mercy of God was built to challenge the aesthetic limitations that come with building in Rome's outskirts.
Mercy of God dazzles the faithful in Rome's church-poor suburbs
The Tetagouche Group is subdivided into a lower unit of coarse quartz-feldspar crystal tuff and iron formation (Nepisiguit Falls Formation), a middle unit of aphyric to sparsely feldspar-phyric rhyolite flows (Flat Landing Brook Format ion) and an upper unit of pillow basalt, basalt breccia, maroon ferro manganiferous siltstone and black shale (Little River Formation).
Stratigraphy and geochemistry of Ordovician volcanic rocks of the Eel River area, west-central New Brunswick
Shown are bedrock topography and a revision of bedrock geology that include structure and stratigraphic relationships of units from the Stonington Formation of Ordovician age to the Mackinac Breccia of Devonian age.
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The master bedroom opens onto a private terrace, and features a private bath with Breccia Onniciatta marble and separate shower and whirlpool.
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Designated MAC88105, this meteorite is a breccia -- a rock composed of numerous basaltic fragments and smaller grains held in a glassy matrix.
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